WhatsApp ndetse n’izindi porogaramu zifunze ziganirirwaho nka Wickr, Signal na Telegram zirazwi cyane kubera ko zitanga urubuga rwo kuganirirwaho mu ibanga ariko kandi na zo ni imbuga nkoranyambaga. Ikoreshwa ry’izi mbuga ryazamutse cyane kubera uburyo abantu bashakaga gukomeza kuvugana n’ababo ndetse no guhanahana amakuru mu gihe cya COVID-19.
Nk’uko iyi nyito “porogaramu zifunze ziganirirwaho” ibyumvikanisha, zitandukanye n’izindi mbuga cyangwa porogaramu nka Twitter na Facebook kuko zo zirafunze burundu kuko ibiganirwaho bibonwa n’uwohereje ubutumwa ndetse n’uwo bwandikiwe, bitandukanye n’izindi mbuga zisanzwe, aho zo, umuntu ufite uburenganzira bwo kubona konti yawe, abasha kubona ibiyiberaho byose.
Impamvu ubutumwa, amakuru ndetse n’amashusho bisangizwa benshi ni uko abantu, bashobora guhitamo abo babyoherereza cyangwa bakabiha abo babonye bose. Ikindi izi mbuga zifite ni uko ubasha gukora itsinda (urubuga) bityo wakoherezaho ubutumwa, bukabonwa na buri wese ururiho.
Ibi bituma izi mbuga ziba indashyikirwa mu guhanahana amakuru mu buryo bwagutse kandi kure, gusa bisaba ko witonda ngo hato utoherereza ubutumwa uwo utari ugambiriye kubwoherereza, kuko bishobora kugutera ikimwaro cyangwa bikagitera abandi cyangwa se ndetse bikagira ingaruka ku mibanire urimo ubu cyangwa iy’ahazaza cyangwa se ku kazi wari kuzabona. Igihe uri kohereza amakuru y’ibanga, menya ko bishobora gushyira amafaranga yawe cyangwa umutekano w’umuryango mu kaga.
Zimwe mu ngaruka zo gukoresha Whatsapp n’izindi porogaramu zifunze
- Kwinjirirwa kuri iyo porogaramu binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bukurikira:
- Uburiganya bw’amafaranga: Kwakira ubutumwa buvuye ku muntu akoresheje nimero utazi, akavuga ko ari uwo mu muryango wawe cyangwa se inshuti, akumenyesha ko yahinduye nimero. Igihe umaze kwizera ko ibi ari ukuri, ubundi akagusaba amafaranga ngo “yikemurire akabazo”, ubundi ntuzongere kumwumva.
- Ubujura bw’amakuru: Wakiriye ubutumwa kuri WhatsApp, burimo kode yo kwinjiriraho, akaba ari kode ya 2FA, kode igaragaza ko ari wowe ufite iyo nimero ya telefoni. Hanyuma ukakira ubutumwa kuri WhatsApp buvuga ko ari ubw’umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa inshuti, bugira buti: “Ndibeshye nkoherereza kode yanjye imfasha kwinjira muri WhatsApp, none nayisibye, wamfasha ukongera ukayinyoherereza?” Icyo gihe bahita babasha kwinjira muri konti yawe, bakayikwirukanamo, ubundi bakiba abantu bakwiyitiriye. Bashobora no kwifashisha ubwo buryo bakinjirira buri muntu wese musanzwe muvugana.
- Ubujura bw’umwirondoro: Kwakira ubutumwa bwamamaza ibintu byiza, buvuga ko buvuye ku mucuruzi cyangwa ikindi kigo. Ubwo butumwa burimo umuyoboro (link), iyo uwukanzeho, uhita ukugeza ku bibazo runaka, bimwe bigusaba gushyiramo amakuru yawe y’ibanga. Hanyuma ugasabwa gusangiza uwo muyoboro abandi musanzwe muvugana ngo kugira ngo nabo amahirwe atabacika.
- Amakuru yawe agasangizwa ibindi bigo. Urugero: Muri 2020 WhatsApp ikigo gifitwe na sosiyete Meta itunze Facebook, yahinduye amategeko yayo, yemerera ihererekanya ry’amakuru hagati y’abantu babiri mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, ukuyemo u Bwongereza.
- Ubutumwa bushobora kubonwa n’abandi mu gihe ikoranabuhanga rihisha ubutumwa (encryption) ritakoreshejwe.
- Zimwe muri porogaramu zifunze ziganirwaho harimo WhatsApp, zigusaba amakuru atagira ingano akwerekeye, harimo abo mwandikirana (bagaragazwa n’urutonde rwa nimero ziri muri telefoni yawe), ryari kandi bimaze igihe kingana iki, igikoresho wifashisha, nimero ya telefoni ndetse na aderesi IP.
Ikoreshwa ritekanye rya WhatsApp n’izindi mbuga ziganirirwaho
- Niba wakiriye ubutumwa bugusaba amafaranga, hamagara umuntu nyakuri ubwo butumwa bugaragaza ko ari we wabwohereje, kugira ngo ugenzura niba atari ubushukanyi.
- Ntukagire umuntu n’umwe uha kode z’umutekano za konti yawe iyo ari yo yose, uko ubutumwa bubigusaba bwaza bumeze kose.
- Niwakira ubutumwa bugusaba kode yo kugenzura WhatsApp cyangwa indi porogaramu yose, bwirengagiza kandi ubusibe. Niba ubonye ko konti yawe ishobora kuba yinjiriwe, gerageza kwinjiramo, ukuremo uwo muriganya. Menyesha uwo bari kwiyitirira, amenye ko yinjiriwe.
- WhatsApp igira uburyo bw’umutekano bwo guhisha ubutumwa, bisobanuye ko ubutumwa bwawe buba buvangavanze mu buryo butakwemerera ubibonye kumenya ibyo ari byo. Gusa ku zindi mbuga ziganirirwaho, ukeneye kwemeza uburyo bwa “encryption” kugira ngo bubashe gukora.
- Niba uhangayikishijwe n’uko hari amakuru yawe yegeranywa, shyira VPN (umuyoboro wihariye) mu gikoresho cyawe kugira ngo ubyirinde.
- Turakugira inama yo kwemeza uburyo bwa 2FA butuma ubasha kwakira kode mu butumwa bugufi igihe ushaka kwinjira muri konti runaka. Ushaka kumenya amakuru arambuye kuri iyo ngingo, kanda hano.
- Zirikana ko ubutumwa butabikwa kuri seriveri za WhatsApp iyo bwamaze kugezwa ku wo bwari bugenewe. Igihe butabashije kugenda, ubutumwa buguma kuri seriveri igihe cy’iminsi 30 ubundi bugasibwa.