Imbuga nkoranyambaga zatumye bitworohera kuvugana n’imiryango, inshutin’abantu tuziranye zanatumye tubasha kubasangiza ibyo tunyuramo kandi tukanababwira ibitekerezo byacu ndetse n’imyemerere yacu. Ibi bitekerezo n’imyemere byacu bishobora kuba bijyanye n’ibiri kuba ku isi cyangwa aho dutuye, politiki, idini, ibyo dukunda, ibyo tubarizwaho, imiryango, ibicuruzwa, abantu ndetse n’ibindi bintu byinshi. Ibiganiro byacu n’ibyo tuvuga bishobora kwakirwa cyangwa bigasakazwa ahantu henshi ku buryo bitewe n’ikiganiro cyabayeho ushobora gusanga cyakwiriye hose.
Ikibazo ni uko, imbuga nkoranyambaga zikoreshwa cyane n’abahemu, ku mpamvu nk’izavuzwe haruguru. Abantu benshi bakoze ibyaha bihisha inyuma y’uko utapfa kubamenya, bakavuga ibintu batatekereza kuvuga imbonankubone, ibi bishobora gufatwa nk’ubugwari.
Ubuhemu bukorewe kuri internetbuba mu buryo bwinshi, kandi ntibukorerwa ku bantu bazwi cyane gusa. Bashobora kuba ari abakora akazi akari ko kose, bafite imyaka iyo ari yo yose, abakunda abantu b’ibitsina bitandukanye, cyangwa ari ab’ahantu n’ubwoko butandukanye, kandi baba aho ari ho hose.
– Urugomo kuri internet (cyberbullying)
Uru rugomo rushobora kubera kuri internet gusa, cyangwa bikaba ari igice kimwe cy’ibindi bikorwa by’urugomo muri rusange. Abakorera urugomo kuri internetbashobora kuba ari abantu bazwi cyangwa batazwi. Nk’urundi rugomo rwose, bagerageza gushishikariza abandi kubijyamo. Ushobora gukorerwa urugomo kubera idini, cyangwa politiki, ubwoko cyangwa ibara ry’uruhu, uko umubiri uteye, niba ufite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe cyangwa ubw’ingingo cyangwa nta n’impamvu igaragara ihari.
urugomo kuri internet rubamo kohereza ubutumwa butera ubwoba cyangwa ububi cyangwa se ubundi butumwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, imbuga zo gukiniraho, ubutumwa bugufi cyangwa email, gushyiraho videwo ziteye isoni cyangwa zitesha agaciro umuntu ku mbuga nka Youtube cyangwa Vimeo, cyangwa kubuza amahwemo wohereza ubutumwa butandukanye bwisubiramo. Gushyira cyangwa kohereza amashusho, videwo cyangwa amakuru bwite y’umuntu ukuye mu butumwa bw’ubusambanyi umuntu atabiguhereye uburenganzira biri kwiyongera. Abantu bamwe bakorera urugomo kuri internetbashyiraho inkuta za Facebook n’izindi konti ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nta kindi bagamije uretse gukorera abandi urugomo.
Izi ngaruka zo gukorerwa urugomo kuri internet zitera umuntu kubangamirwa agahora yumva afite umutima uhagaze bikaba byamuviramo kwiyangiza cyangwa kwiyahura. Ibi bibaho cyane ku bantu b’intege nke, cyangwa undi wese wagizwe umunyantegenke n’urugomo rukorerwa kuri internet yakorewe cyangwa ibindi byihariye yaba yarahuye na byo mu buzima.
NI IKI WAKORA IGIHE UKOREWE URUGOMO KURI INTERNET
– Fungira inzira (block) konti z’abagukorera urugomo kuri internetku mbuga nkoranyambaga, email n’ubutumwa bugera k’uwo bugenewe ako banya.
– Tanga amakuru y’urugomo wakorewe k’uguha internet cyangwa ku kigo cy’itumanaho ukoresha (niba abagukorera urugomo kuri internet bakwandikira cyangwa baguhamagara) cyangwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga/porogaramu.
– Reba ukuntu wahindura nimero ya telefone yawe niba bakohereza ubutumwa cyangwa baguhamagara, kandi iyo nshya ntuyitange.
– Rindisha telefoni yawe ijambo cyangwa umubare w’ibanga kandi ubirinde cyane..
– Ntusubize, kuko waba uguye mu mutego wo gukora ibyo ukora urugomo ashaka.
– Bwira inshuti, umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa undi muntu wizera ibiri kukubaho n’uko bituma wumva umeze.
– Bika email, ubutumwa n’ibyo yakwandikiye nka gihamya ukoresha mu kurega uri kugukorera urugomo.
– Menyesha polisi urugomo wakorewe rurimo nk’iterabwoba ryo kugirirwa nabi cyangwa guhohoterwa. .
ANDI MAKURU N’INAMA
– Bullying UK: Ni umuryango ukorera mu Bwongereza ufasha abagizweho ingaruka n’urugomo. www.bullying.co.uk/cyberbullying
– Kubuza umuntu amahwemo mu buryo bugambiriye ikibi hakoreshejwe mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa
Kubuza amahwemo hakoreshejwe mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa ni uburyo bwo kuvugisha umuntu atabishaka – byaba umuntu uzi cyangwa utazi. Rimwe na rimwe tujya dusoma ingero z’ibyamamare bihura n’abantu babibuza amahwemo kubera kubakunda birenze urugero, umuntu wese yahura n’abo bantu.
Kubuza amahwemo hakoreshejwe mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa biterwa n’impamvu nyinshi, harimo abumva barahemukiwe n’uwo babuza amahwemo, uwo mwatandukanye, abafite ibyifuzo by’ubusambanyi bidakwiye, cyangwa abandi bakura umunezero mu gutera abandi ubwoba, rimwe na rimwe aba bantu bapfa guhitamo uwo babonye wese. Bashobora gukoresha ibyo ukora kuri internet bahunahuna ibyo washyize ku mbuga nkoranyambaga/porogaramu kugira ngo bamenye ibyo urimo byose, abo muri kuvugana ndetse na gahunda zawe. Uko ababuza abandi amahwemo bakoresheje mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa barushaho kwiyemeza, binjirira ibintu byinshi mu buzima bwawe bwo kuri internet, rimwe na rimwe bakagaba ibitero kuri internet cyangwa bakagutwara ububasha bwo gukoresha konti z’imbuga nkoranyambaga zawe.
Kubuza amahwemo hakoreshejwe mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa bishobora gukora kuri internet gusa, cyangwa bikaba ari kimwe mu bigize ibikorwa byo kubuza umuntu amahwemo muri rusange.
NI GUTE WAKWIRINDA IBIKORWA BYO KUBUZWA AMAHWEMO HAKORESHEJWE MUDASOBWA CYANGWA URUSOBE RWA MUDASOBWA
– Reba kuri internet amakuru yawe ariho kandi ukore ku buryo hajyaho make ashoboka.
– Hindura kenshi email n’amagambo-banga yawe kuri konti z’ingenzi zo kuri internet kandi ukore ku buryo ziba zifite umutekano.
– Soma amagenamiterere ajyanye n’ubuzima bwite n’umutekano w’amakuru y’ibanga ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zawe zose n’imbuga zikorerwaho ubushakashatsi.
– Irinde amahuriro rusange (public forums).
– Kora ku buryo mudasobwa n’ibikoresho bigendanwa byawe biba bifite porogaramu z’umutekano wo kuri internet zivuguruye kandi zicanye.
– Kora ku buryo sisiteme y’umutekano ihora icanye ku kuma (hub/router) kawe gatanga internet.
– Ntiwohereze cyangwa ngo wakire amakuru bwite igihe uri gukoresha inziramugozi rusange.
– Gabanya ingano y’amakuru bwite n’ajyanye n’imari utanga kuri internet cyangwa utayiriho.
NIBA WARABUJIJWE AMAHWEMO HAKORESHEJWE MUDASOBWA CYANGWA URUSOBE RWA MUDASOBWA
– Kusanya kandi ubike gihamya zishoboka zose.
– Menyesha polisi ibijyanye no kubuzwa amahwemo.
– Imbuga nkoranyambaga nyinshi zifite akantu bakandaho kanditseho “Report Abuse”, amagambo yo mu Cyongereza asobanura ngo “Garagaza ko wakorewe urugomo” cyangwa akandi kajya gusa nako kagufasha kumenyekanisha ikibazo cyo kubuzwa amahwemo hakoreshejwe mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa cyangwa irindi hohoterwa.
– Guteza impagarara mu biganiro
Ntibitandukanye cyane n’urugomo rukorewe kuri internet, abateza impagarara, ni abantu bandika bagamije kubuza amahoro, kubabaza cyangwa kurakaza abantu runaka, itsinda ry’abantu cyangwa abantu muri rusange, akenshi baba ari abantu uwo uteza impagarara atazi. Akenshi bibabaza abantu bitewe n’ubuhenzanguni bw’ibyo uwo muntu aba ari kuvuga, cyangwa kuba avuga kugira ngo abivuge gusa nta kindi agamije. Urugomo rushingiye ku irondakoko, idini, kwanga abakundana bahuje ibitsina, politiki cyangwa imibereho ni rumwe mu bwoko bugize uko guteza impagarara, ariko hari n’igihe uzira ibintu byoroshye nk’ikipe ya siporo cyangwa itsinda rya muzika ukunda. Bishobora no kuba byerekeye ku bantu b’ibyamamare cyangwa abandi bazwi kubera ibikorwa byabo byo gufasha abakene n’abatishoboye, ubugiraneza, gufasha abari mu bibazo n’izindi ngeso nziza abo bateza impagarara babiterwa n’uko batemeranya n’impamvu abo bantu bakora ibyo bakora.
Bumwe mu bwoko bubangamye bwo guteza impagarara buba igihe amagambo mabi cyangwa ibitutsi biri kuvugwa ku bantu bitabye Imana, ku buryo batanabona uko biregura. Ibi bishobora kuviramo ihungabana ku muryango wasigaye n’inshuti.
Ibikorwa byo guteza impagarara bishobora gukorwa n’abantu, amatsinda y’abateza impagarara bahuje intego bagamije kubuza amahwemo umuntu.
NI IKI WAKORA IGIHE UHUYE N’ABATEZA IMPAGARARA
– Fungira inzira (block) abateza impagarara kuri konti zawe zo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
– Menyesha uguha internet, ikigo cy’itumanaho (niba bakwandikira cyangwa baguhamagara) cyangwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga/porogaramu abo bantu bateza impagarara.
– Ntukarakare cyangwa ngo ubereke ko ari ko bimeze, waba uguye mu mutego w’abateza impagarara wo gukora ibyo bashaka.
– Bwira inshuti, umuntu wo mu muryango cyangwa undi muntu wizera ibiri kukubaho n’uko bituma wumva umeze.
– Bika email, ubutumwa, n’ibyo bakwandikiye nka gihamya ushobora gutanga mu gihe cyo kuregera ibikorwa byo guteza impagarara.
– Menyesha polisi ibintu bikomeye byabaye muri uko guteza impagarara niba harimo gusebanya cyangwa kubiba inzangano.
Kurengera (soma kureengeera)
Kurengera bisobanuye guhora ukurikirana umuntu uko amerewe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ureba ibiri ku rukuta rwe, amakuru mashya, ibiganiro, amafoto/videwo, umwirondoro cyangwa inshuti ze. Bishobora kuba no gukurikirana ibyo abantu banditse ku nkuta z’abandi cyangwa ibyo bakoreye “retweet” kuri twitter.
Abantu barengera bakunze kuguhisha ko bakabya kukugendaho babinyujije mu kwirinda kugusaba ubucuti (inviting), kwandika cyangwa ngo gutanga ibitekerezo kuri konti yawe kuri Facebook n’izindi mbuga nkoranyambaga, kandi bakirinda kureba ku rukuta rwawe rwa LinkedIn (kuko ibi ubimenyeshwa n’urubuga).
Aho bitandukaniye no kubuza amahwemo hakoreshejwe mudasobwa cyangwa urusobe rwa mudasobwa, kurengera ubwabyo nta ngaruka bikugiraho kandi si icyaha, usibye ko umuntu aba yakabije.