Kwiba umwirondoro ni uburyo bukoreshwa mu bugizi bwa nabi, harimo kwiyitirira umwirondoro wawe n’andi makuru akwerekeyeho bagamije kukwiba cyangwa gukora ibyaha mu izina ryawe. Kwiba umwirondoro bishobora gukorerwa kuri internet, imbonankubone hifashishijwe impapuro cyangwa ubwo buryo bwombi bukomatanyije.
Ibyago bishoboka
- Kuba washukwa ugatanga amakuru yawe bwite mu gusubiza email, ubutumwa bugufi, ibaruwa cyangwa se uhamagawe kuri telefoni.
- Kwiba cyangwa kugera ku mpapuro z’ibyangombwa (urugero, amakuru ya konti muri banki, impapuro wishyuriyeho, inyemezabwishyu z’umusoro, urupapuro rw’inzira cyangwa uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga).
- Guha amakuru yawe bwite y’ibanga umuryango, inshuti cyangwa abandi bantu bari bagufitiye icyizere.
- “Guhengereza”: Abantu bahengereza hejuru y’urutugu rwawe bareba kuri mudasobwa, telefoni, tablet yawe, cyangwa kuri ATM
Ibimenyetso
- Kutakira inyemezabwishyu cyangwa ubundi butumwa bigaragaza ko umunyabyaha yatanze iyindi aderesi itandukanye n’iyawe.
- Kwakira amakarita yo kwishyuriraho utigeze usaba.
- Guhakana imyenda nta mpamvu zifatika.
- Guhamagarwa n’abakwishyuza cyangwa ibigo wishyuzwa ibintu utigeze ugura.
- Amakuru atazwi yerekeye imyenda yawe.
- Watakaje cyangwa wibwe ibyangombwa by’ingenzi nk’impapuro z’inzira cyangwa uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga.
- Mu gihe ugura cyangwa ugurisha, wumva ubazwa kudatanga cyangwa kutishyura ibicuruzwa utazi.
- Ubona hari amakuru y’ibyakozwe kuri banki yawe, ikarita yawe ya banki, bikwereka ibicuruzwa utigeze ugura.
- Ntushobora gufungura urubuga wifashishije ijambo-banga usanzwe ukoresha (kubera ko umunyabyaha yarufunguye mu izina ryawe akarihindura).
Uko wabyirinda
- Kudasangiza amakuru ya konti yawe inshuti, umuryango cyangwa abandi bantu.
- Genzura neza buri gihe ko ufite porogaramu ikumira virusi/porogaramu nzitirantasi (antispyware) ikora neza kandi ivuguruye.
- Niba bishoboka, tunga inyemezabwishyu zitanditse ku mpapuro.
- Bika ibyangombwa by’ingenzi ahantu hizewe, unacagagure ibyo utagikeneye, byaba byiza ukoresheje akamashini gacagagura impapuro.
- Ntugatangaze amakuru y’umwihariko usubiza ubutumwa kuri internet, kuri telefoni, ibaruwa cyangwa uhamagawe kuri telefoni utazi neza niba ubusabe buvuye ahantu hizewe.
- Buri gihe, irinde abantu baguhengereza iyo winjiza amakuru bwite y’ibanga muri mudasobwa, telefoni/tablet cyangwa ATM.
Icyo wakora mu gihe umwirondoro wawe wibwe
- Kora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ugabanye ingaruka zo kwibwa.
- Vugana n’imbuga byabayeho unabagire inama ku byerekeranye ikibazo cyavutse.
- Niba bishoboka, hita ufungura koti yawe uhindure ijambo-banga ukoreshe ijambo-banga rikomeye kurushaho.
- Niba kwinjira muri konti yawe bikunaniye, vugisha urwego rw’ubufasha ku rubuga ubagishe inama.
- Baza banki yawe, sosiyeti y’ubwubatsi cyangwa kompanyi y’ikarita yo kwishyura (urugero nko guhagarika konti no kubona ikarita nshya, amagambo-banga na za PIN). Ushobora gusubizwa amafaranga yatakaye niba bitaturutse ku burangare bwawe.
- Hindura ijambo-banga ryawe ku zindi mbuga mu gihe nazo zavogerewe.
- Niba kugera ku rubuga bisaba ikibazo cy’ibanga, gihindure niba ubishoboye kugira ngo wirinde kuzongera guhura n’ibyo bibazo.
- Suzuma andi makuru yawe bwite, nk’aderesi urebe niba bikiri byo.
- Suzuma ibindi byakozwe, ibyagurishijwe cyangwa ibyaguzwe mu izina ryawe atari wowe wabikoze, hanyuma ubihagarike.
- Menyesha inzego bireba vuba bishoboka ibyangombwa byatakaye cyangwa byibwe (impapuro z’inzira, impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga, ikarita zo kubikuza, udutabo twa sheki, n’ibindi).
- Wikomeza gukoresha PIN yavogerewe.
- Gana inzego zigenzura imyenda mu gihe habayeho ibikorwa bidasanzwe cyangwa ukeneye inama.
- Genzura niba uburyo wohererezwaga ubutumwa bw’amabaruwa bitavogerewe ku buryo ubutumwa bukugenewe butayobywa.