Imbuga za cyamunara ni uburyo buzwi cyane bwo kugura no kugurisha ibintu bishya ndetse n’ibyakoreshejweho. Gusa hariho ibyago bishobora kuboneka mu gukoresha imbuga za cyamunara, bimwe bikaba bitandukanye n’ ubundi buryo busanzwe bwo guhahira kuri internet. Kubera izo mpamvu, urasabwa kwitondera ibyo ugura, uwo ugura nawe, uwo ugurisha ndetse n’uburyo wishyuramo ibyo waguze cyangwa wishyurwamo ibyo urimo kugurisha.
Ibyago bishoboka
- Ububiko/amaduka bya baringa – imbuga na za email zitabaho batanga ibintu na serivisi bitabaho.
- Kwakira ibicuruzwa bidahuye n’ibyashyizwe ku matangazo yamamaza.
- Kutohererezwa ibicuruzwa wishyuye.
- Kutishyurirwa ibicuruzwa watanze.
- Kumvishwa ko ushobora kugurisha vuba cyangwa ku giciro gito. Ibicuruzwa byiza kurusha ibindi biza mu mpera y’igihe cyagenwe cyo gupiganira ibicuruzwa.
- Kwibwa umwirondoro wawe bwite ukoresha upiganira ibintu muri cyamunara ugakoreshwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko.
- Kwibwa amakuru yawe bwite cyangwa ajyanye n’umutungo wawe bigakoreshwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko.
- Email z’abatekamutwe zisa n’iziturutse mu ipiganwa cyangwa imbuga bishyuriraho kuri internet ariko nyamara zoherejwe n’ibisambo bigamije kukujyana ku mbuga z’impimbano mu rwego rwo kukwiba amakuru yawe bwite nk’ajyanye n’uburyo winjira mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kwishyurira kuri murandasi.
Koresha cyamunara zo kuri internet mu mutekano
- Niba uri mushya muri cyamunara zo kuri internet, fata umwanya usome amabwiriza atangwa n’ibigo bitegura cyamunara kugira ngo bigufashe gusobanukirwa n’imikorere ndetse n’amategeko y’iri koranabuhanga.
- Sobanukirwa n’ibyo ibigo bitegura cyamunara bishobora gukora (n’ibyo badashobora gukora) igihe havutse ikibazo.v
- Koresha izina ryo kwinjiriraho ku rubuga rwa cyamunara ritandukanye na email yawe.
- Amakuru ajyanye n’uko uwagushaka yakubonamo harimo na email, agomba guhora ajyanye n’igihe.
- Reba niba ugurisha cyangwa ugura ari umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa niba ari iduka ryo kuri internet. Reba imyirondoro yabo, uko ibiciro byabo bihagaze ndetse n’uko ubucuruzi bwabo bwagiye bukorwa mu bihe bitambutse. Abagurisha cyangwa abagura bashya bashobora kuba nta mateka afatika bafite, gerageza rero kwitwararika.
- Niba ugurisha ari ikigo cy’ubucuruzi, genzura niba koko babaho. Niba baratanze nimero yabo ya telefoni cyangwa aho babarizwa, bahamagare. Abacuruzi babarizwa hanze y’u Bwongereza bajya bagorana kumenya aho wabakura mu gihe havutse ikibazo.
- Niba ari iguriro ryo kuri internet, reba amabwiriza agenga kubika ibanga ndetse no kwakira ibicuruzwa bitishimiwe n’abaguzi.
- Be clear about shipping and delivery costs (for example, whether or not they are included and if not, if they are clearly stated).
- Sobanura neza ibijyanye n’uburyo bwo kwishyura unagaragaze niba hari bumwe muri ubu busaba inyongera y’amafaranga.
- Ha abagurisha n’abagura amakuru yawe bwite ya ngombwa gusa, nk’ajyanye n’aho bakura cyangwa bashyira ibicuruzwa.
- Ongera ugenzure amakuru yose ajyanye n’icyo waguze mbere yo kwemeza ko wishyuye.
- Reba neza niba itumanaho hagati yawe n’uwakuguriye cyangwa uwo waguriye ritari gukumirwa na “spam filters”, ubikore ugenzura kenshi niba nta butumwa bwawe bwayobeye muri “spams”.
- Ntuyobywe n’abagusaba gufunga cyamunara igihe kitaragera.
- Buri gihe ugomba kugenzura ko wishyuwe mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa.
- Mu gihe wishyura umuntu, ntugahite ushyira amafaranga kuri konti ye yo muri banki ahubwo koresha imbuga zizewe bishyuriraho kuri internet nka PayPal, aho amafaranga ava kuri konti imwe ajya ku yindi mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga.
Kandi buri gihe ujye uzirikana…
- Gukoresha ijambo ry’ibanga rifite imbaraga. Ntuzigere ugira umuntu ubwira ijambo ry’ibanga ryawe ukoresha ku masoko cyangwa kwishyura kuri internet.
- Niba ukeka ko ijambo ry’ibanga ukoresha mu cyamunara cyangwa mu kwishyura kuri internet byinjiriwe, fata ingamba ako kanya. Shaka ku rubuga urupapuro ruriho amakuru ajyanye n’ubufasha ushobora guhabwa.
- Jya witondera gufungura link wohererejwe muri email utazisabye. Urugero, byaba byiza usuye urubuga rwa banki yawe unyuze muri browser bisanzwe, cyangwa usure imbuga wagiye usura ukazibika.
- Niba wishyuye ukoresheje ikarita yo kwishyura, wibuke ko gukoresha credit card bitanga umutekano wisumbuyeho ugereranyije n’ubundi buryo mu byerekeranye no kuba habaho uburiganya, kwishingirwa ndetse no kuba igicuruzwa kitageze aho cyagombaga kugezwa.
- Mu gihe urimo kwishyura ukoresheje serivisi zo kwishyurira kuri internet cyangwa ikarita yo kwishyura, genzura niba kuri link itekanye.
- Hagomba kuba hagaragara ikimenyetso k’ingufuri muri browser, gihita kigaragara iyo ugerageje kwinjira cyangwa kwiyandikisha. Reba neza niba iyo ngufuri itari ku rupapuro ubwarwo… kuko ibi bishobora kugaragaza ko urwo rubuga ari uruhimbano.
- Urubuga rugomba kuba rutangizwa na ‘https://’. Inyuguti ‘s’ igaragaramo ihagarariye ijambo ry’Icyongereza ‘secure’ risobanura ko urubuga rwizewe.
- Ibivuzwe haruguru bigaragaza ko hagati yawe na nyiri urubuga hari umutekano wizewe, ntibivuga gusa ko urubuga ubwarwo rwemewe. Urasabwa gukora ibi ugenzura neza niba aderesi y’urubuga, andi magambo ndetse n’inyuguti byose byanditse neza ndetse n’utundi tuntu dushobora kuba duteye impungenge.
- Ugomba kwibuka gusohoka ku mbuga zose winjiyemo cyangwa wandikishijemo amakuru yawe. Gufunga browser uri gukoreramo gusa ntibihagije kugira ngo wizere umutekano w’amakuru yawe.
- Bika neza inyemezabwishyu.
- Genzura neza credit card yawe ndetse n’amakuru ya banki, kugira ngo urebe neza niba havuyeho amafaranga yagombaga kuvaho unarebe kandi niba nta bujura bwabayeho buturutse ku ihererekanywa ry’amafaranga ryakozwe.
- Genzura niba ufite porogaramu ikumira virusi ivuguruye kandi ikora neza ndetse ko na firewall iri gukora neza mbere y’uko ujya kuri internet.
Andi makuru