Ikarita z’intashyo zo kuri internet (ikarita yo kuri internet wifashisha woherereza abandi intashyo) zimaze kumenyekana cyane guhera mu myaka mike ishize. Zitanga uburyo bukwiye, budahenze ndetse bushimishije bwo koherereza inshuti n’umuryango indamukanyo, cyangwa abakiriya bawe. Izi karita ni uburyo bwa rusange kandi bwogeye bukoreshwa n’abantu benshi nko kuri Noheli cyangwa ku munsi w’abakundana, kimwe no ku bindi bihe nko ku isabukuru z’amavuko n’ubukwe. Icyakora nk’uko bimeze kuri email, birakwiriye ko uba maso mu gihe wakira cyangwa wohereza ikarita, bikaba byakoreshwa mu buryo bw’uburiganya.
Ibyago bishoboka
- Ikarita igaragara nk’idateye ikibazo, iyo uyikanzeho, cyangwa uyikuye kuri internet ishobora kuba yuzuyeho porogaramu zangiza, ari nazo:
- Yinjiza porogaramu zanduza mudasobwa cyangwa telefoni maze ukaba wakorerwa uburiganya cyangwa ukibwa umwirondoro.
- Zohereza email z’impimbano, zigaragara nk’izivuye iwawe zikohererezwa abantu bose mujya mwandikirana.
- Zifungura imbuga zidakwiriye cyangwa zigaragaraho amashusho adakwiriye.
- Ikurura amatangazo yo kwamamaza atagira ingano.
- Ikarita igaragara nk’inyuze mu mucyo ishobora kuza igusaba gukanda kuri link ngo ukunde ufungure ikarita yawe ariko mu by’ukuri ikaba ishaka kugera ku makuru yawe bwite cyangwa amafaranga.
- Niba uri kohereza ikarita, urubuga ukoresha mu kubikora rushobora kuba uruhimbano maze rugatuma wohereza ikarita zo kuri internet zuzuye porogaramu zangiza.
Kwirinda ikarita zo kuri internet z’uburiganya
- Dore ibyo ukwiriye kwitegereza ngo umenye ko harimo ikibazo:
- Igihe harimo amakosa y’imyandikire mu magambo cyangwa mu mazina yawe.
- Ikarita batakoherereje wowe nyirizina ahubwo bakandika bashakisha ngo ‘Nshuti yanjye’ cyangwa ‘Mukiriya mwiza’
- Amakosa mu butumwa, nk’urugero, ikavuga wenda ngo wohereje ikarita, kandi ahubwo uri kuyakira.
- Ushobora kubona uwayohereje ari umuntu utazi (ese ubundi kubera iki umuntu mutaziranye yakwigora akoherereza ikarita?)
- Abantu bakoherereza ubutumwa bafite amazina adafatika, urugero: “Nyiri kohereza ikarita”, “Ugukunda utamuzi”, cyangwa ibindi bisa bityo.
- Aderesi y’urubuga igaragara nk’itubahirije amategeko, urugero: ‘www.http:/' aho kuba ‘http://www.’
- Siba ikarita zose zavuye ahantu utazi.
- Ntukigere na rimwe ufungura umugereka wo kuri email utazi aho ubutumwa buvuye.
- Ntukigere na rimwe ukurura ibintu utazi aho byavuye ngo ubishyire kuri mudasobwa cyangwa telefone yawe.
- Ntukigere na rimwe ukanda kuri link iri mu ikarita utazi aho ivuye.
- Ibuka ko n’ikarita zigaragara nk’izoherejwe n’umuntu uzi, zishobora kuba zoherejwe na Trojan ku bantu bose ufite muri email yawe.
- Ntugasubize cyangwa ngo ugire undi woherereza ikarita mu gihe waketse ko yaba yaje mu buryo bw’uburiganya.
- Buri gihe ujye usoma amategeko n’amabwiriza y’ibigo bikora ikarita zo kuri internet. (Bamwe mu bajura bo kuri internet basaba abantu kwemera amabwiriza arimo ingingo ivuga ko iyo sosiyete izagira ububasha bwo kugera kuri email z’abantu bose ufite, maze bose ikaboherereza ubutumwa).
- Ntukagure cyangwa ngo ugire inkunga utanga mu gihe wabisabwe binyuze ku ikarita wohererejwe kuri internet.
- Jya ureba muri email zayobeye ahajya izidakwiriye kugira ngo umenye niba nta karita zemewe zayobeyeyo ku bwo kwibeshya.
- Niba hari ikarita yo kuri internet utizeye neza, ushobora kureba niba isanzwe iba ku rutonde rwa email z’ubushukanyi cyangwa se ku ntonde abagurisha ubwirinzi bwo kuri internet bashyize ku mbuga zabo.
- Inyinshi muri porogaramu za email zo muri Microsoft cyangwa izindi, zikunda kuzana n’ikoranabuhanga rikumira email ziyobya. Genzura niba iyawe ifunguye.
- Ikoranabuhanga rigenzura ubutumwa budakenewe (spam) rifite ubushobozi bwo gutegurwa ku buryo ryakira email ziturutse ahantu hizewe cyangwa zikaba zakumirwa mu gihe zivuya ahatizewe.
- Mu gihe uhitamo urubuga rwa email nka gmail, Hotmail na Yahoo! Kora ku buryo uhitamo uburyo bwo kuyungurura email zidasobanutse kandi ubwo buryo bujye buhora bufunguye.
- Ubwinshi mu bwirinzi bwa internet buba bwifitemo ikoranabuhanga rikumira email ziyobya. Genzura niba iyawe yarajyanishijwe n’igihe kandi ubu buryo bukaba bufunguye.
- Ujye ukora ku buryo uhorana ikoranabuhanga rirwanya za virusi ndetse ukagira na firewall, byose bijyanye n’igihe kandi bifunguye.