Kuko internet ari ihuriro rusange, mudasobwa yose iri ku muyoboro ishobora kubona kandi igahuzwa n’izindi mudasobwa ziri ku muyoboro. Firewall (soma fayaworu) ni ijambo ry’ururimi rw’Icyongereza twakwita nk’urukuta ruba hagati ya internet na mudasobwa cyangwa umuyoboro wawe bwite. Ubitekereze nk’umurinzi ukomeye cyane ukumira ikintu cyose gishobora kwinjira muri mudasobwa yawe mu gihe utagihaye ikaze, cyangwa icyo ari cyo cyose cyagerageza gusohoka kitabifitiye uburenganzira.
Firewall ikunda:
- Abagizi ba nabi bashaka kwinjira muri mudasobwa yawe mu buryo butemewe bakoresheje internet.
- Iminyorogoto: ni ubwoko bwa virusi zikwirakwizwa muri mudasobwa ziva kuri imwe zijya ku yindi zikoresheje internet.
- Bimwe mu bishobora gusohoka muri mudasobwa yawe bitewe no kuba yatewe na virusi.
Icyo firewall idakora:
Firewall ntiyihagije ku buryo yakurindira umutekano wose, ariko ni wo murongo wa mbere w’ubwirinzi. Ukeneye izindi ngamba z’ubwirinzi ziza kugaragazwa kuri uru rubuga. Icyakora, firewall itanga ubwirinzi budashyitse cyangwa se ntinabutange kuri ibi bikurikira:
- Iyo watanze uburenganzira bwemerera izindi mudasobwa guhuzwa n’iyawe.
- Niba firewall izimijwe, itari gukora cyangwa ifite amarengayobora menshi cyangwa imiryango ifunguye.
- Virusi nyinshi.
- Ubutumwa budakenewe.
- Iyo spyware ziri muri mudasobwa.
- Ubwoko bwose bw’ubutekamutwe cyangwa ibyaha bikorerwa kuri internet.
- Iyo wowe cyangwa virusi yaremye inzira muri firewall.
- Abantu bashobora kuba bafite uburenganzira bwo kugera kuri mudasobwa yawe cyangwa umuyoboro wawe.
- Amakuru yinjijwe muri mudasobwa hadakoreshejwe internet, urugero: ibyinjijwe binyuze ahajya furashi, CD/DVD n’ibindi.
- Ibitero byagabwe igihe umuyoboro wari ufite ikibazo.
- Ibikorwa bisa nk’aho ari ibyemewe.
Icyakora, nta na kimwe muri ibi gishobora gutuma udashyira firewall muri mudasobwa yawe, kuko na byo ubyabyo bidatanga umutekano wuzuye.
Ni byiza kwishyiramo ko umuntu uguha serivisi ya internet adatanga firewall, ubwo rero ujye ukora ku buryo wajya uhora ufite porogaramu za mudasobwa zigufasha kwirinda.
Ubwoko bwa firewall
Firewall bwite
Firewall bwite igomba gushyirwa muri mudasobwa zose zicometse kuri internet na screen ya mudasobwa (ndetse igakumira, aho bibaye ngombwa) ibikorerwa kuri internet. Rimwe na rimwe bizwi nka ‘software firewalls’ cyangwa ‘desktop firewalls’.
Firewall izana na Windows ni firewall bwite y’ibanze. Ni ubuntu, iba ishamikiye kuri porogaramu z’imikorere ya Windows. Muri Windows 8, Windows 7 na Vista, firewall iba irimo, bityo ntibyagutera impungenge ko ari wowe ukeneye kuyishyiriramo.
Ushatse, wasimbuza firewall yawe ya Windows n’indi firewall bwite wihitiyemo, harimo ubwoko buba buri mu mapaki amwe ajyanye na serivisi za internet, cyangwa firewall iza ukwayo ishobora gukurwa kuri internet, kamwe zimwe muri zo zikaba ari ubuntu.
Firewall irindi ibyuma bya mudasobwa
Ibigo biciriritse n’ibinini bishobora gukenera firewall zirinda ibyuma bya mudasobwa – yiyongera kuri firewall bwite, bitewe n’uburyo ibikorwaremezo bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga byabyo biteye. Ababaha ubufasha mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga bavuye mu kigo cyangwa hanze yacyo babagira inama ya firewall mwakoresha ihwanye neza n’ibyo ikigo gikeneye.
Reba niba firewall ya Windows ifunguye
Muri Windows 8 na Windows 7, jya ahanditse ‘Control Panel’, hitamo ‘System and Security’, noneho uhitemo ‘Windows Firewall.’ Uburyo firewall ya Windows imeze bigaragazwa ahari imiyoboro handitseho ‘Home’ cyangwa ‘work’ (private).
Muri Windows Vista, jya ahanditse ‘Control Panel’, hitamo ‘Security’, noneho uhitemo ‘Windows Firewall.’ Uko firewall ya Windows imeze biba bigaragara.
Muri Windows XP, jya ahanditse ‘Control Panel’, hitamo ‘Security Center.’ Uko firewall ya Windows imeze biba bigaragara.