Email

Ikigo cyose kishingikiriza kuri email nta gushidikanya, ni nayo mpamvu yabaye uburyo bworoheye buri wese kuba yakoherereza ubutumwa udakeneye, bushobora kukurakaza cyangwa bugateza ikibazo cy’uko bwakwangiza ibikorwa by’ikigo cyawe.

Ibyago bishoboka

Email z’uburiganya bugamije kumenya amakuru y’undi muntu​​​​​​​

Email z’uburiganya zikoreshwa n’abatekamutwe bigira abantu boherejwe na banki, ibigo bitanga amakarita yo kwishyuriraho, ibigo bya Leta, amaduka acururiza kuri internet cyangwa ibindi bigo byizewe. Ushobora kwakira email z’uburiganya biciye kuri porogaramu za email z’abakiriya nka Microsoft Outlook, cyangwa email zikoreshwa internet nka gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo! Ibaruwa cyangwa ibitangwa n’ikigo kigurisha serivisi za internet.

Email z’uburiganya zigerageza kugushora mu gukora ibi bikurikira: 

• Gukanda ahantu hakujyana ku gisa n’urubuga n’ubwo kiba gisa n’urubuga nyakuri rugusaba amakuru y’ibanga cyangwa ahantu huzuye virusi.
• Gufungura umugereka ugaragara nk’aho ari uw’ukuri nk’inyandiko cyangwa dosiye ya .exe, kandi mu by’ukuri ifite virusi.  

Email z’uburiganya zikunze kugaragaza bimwe mu bintu bikurikira, ariko uko abatekamutwe barushaho kongera amayeri bagakoresha n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, hari igihe usanga email zidafite ibi bikurikira. Zishobora no kugira izina na aderesi byawe bwite cyangwa iby’akazi.

• Email y’uwohereje ishobora kuba itandukanye na aderesi y’urubuga rwizewe rw’ikigo. 
• Email ishobora kuba yoherejwe ivuye kuri aderesi itandukanye rwose cyangwa aderesi ya email y’ubuntu.  
• Email ishobora kudakoresha izina ryawe bwite, ahubwo igakoresha indamukanyo itari iy’umwihariko nka “Mukiriya mwiza.” 
• Ishobora kuba yanditse mu magambo atari yo cyangwa harimo amakosa mu kibonezamvugo.  
• Igaragaza ko byihutirwa, urugero igutera ubwoba ko hatagize igikorwa ako kanya konti yawe ishobora gufungwa.
• Iba ifite link ikohereza  ku rubuga runaka. Ibi bishobora gucurwa cyangwa bikagaragara nk’ibisa na aderesi nyakuri, ariko itandukaniro rito ry’inyuguti rigaragaza ko urwo rubuga atari urw’ukuri.
• Gusaba amakuru bwite nk’izina ukoresha winjira, ijambo ry’ibanga cyangwa amakuru yerekeye banki. 
• Ntabwo wari utegereje email iturutse ku kigo kigaragara ko cyayikoherereje.  
• Amagambo yose agize email akubiye mu ishusho aho kuba mu magambo yanditse. Ishusho ifite link iriho urubuga rw’uruhimbano
• Zimwe muri email z’uburiganya zishobora kukuburira ko hari virusi ndetse zikagusaba gukanda kuri link cyangwa rukakwereka umugereka wafungura kugira ngo wirinde.
• Email ziturutse ahantu hizewe nazo zishobora kuba iz’uburiganya igihe abazikoresha batewe n’abinjiye muri email zabo mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko. 

Irinde email z’uburiganya ​​​​​​​

• Ntukajye ufungura umugereka igihe ubonye uwawohereje utamuzi.
• Mu gihe ushidikinya, hamagara umuntu bigaragara  ko yayikoherereje cyangwa ikigo kivuga ko cyayikoherereje.
• Ntukihutire gufungura cyangwa gukanda kuri link utazi aho zakomotse.
• Ahubwo, shyira akaranga kari kuri mouse yawe hejuru y’iyo link kugira ngo umenye  uwo yari igenewe nyakuri, kaba kagaragara munsi, mu nguni y’ibumoso bwa screen  yawe. Witonde igihe ibi bitandukanye n’ibiri kugaragara ku nyandiko iri muri link wohererejwe muri email.   
• Ntugasubize email zaturutse ku bantu cyangwa ibigo utazi.
• Ntukagire icyo ugura cyangwa ngo utange imfashanyo usubiza email zirimo ubutumwa budakenewe.  
• Ntugasubize email woherejwe utabikeneye.
• Ntugahagarike ubufatabuguzi igihe ukeka ko izo email ari iz’uburiganya. Ibi ubwabyo bishobora kukujyana ku rubuga rw’ikinyoma.
• Ujye ugenzura buri gihe agasanduku ka email zitifuzwa (spams) cyangwa zidafite agaciro kugira ngo urebe niba nta email y’ukuri yaba yahayobeye kubera kwibeshya.
• Niba udashize amakenga kuri email runaka, ujye ureba niba iri ku rutonde rwa email zidafite agaciro zizwi cyangwa zibishwa abacuruza porogaramu z’umutekano kuri internet bashyira ku mbuga zabo.
• Porogaramu za Microsoft nyinshi ndetse n’izindi za email bizana n’ikoranabuhanga riyungurura email zitifuzwa mu mikorere yabyo y’ingenzi. Ujye ukora ku buryo iryo koranabuhanga rihora riri gukora (ritazimijwe).
• Ikoranabuhanga riyungurura  email  zidafite agaciro cyangwa zitifuzwa rifasha mu gutuma ubasha kwakira email zizewe, naho izitizewe zigakumirwa.
• Mu gihe ugiye guhitamo email yo ku rubuga nka gmail, Hotmail na Yahoo! Ujye ukora ku buryo uhitamo ifite akayunguruzo ka email zidafite agaciro kandi kajye gahora gacanye.
• Ibihenerwa umuntu bijyanye n’umutekano kuri internet biba bifite uburyo bukumira email  zidakenewe. Ujye ukora ku buryo ikoranabuhanga ryawe rihora rijyanishwa n’igihe kandi riri gukora.  

Email zidafite agaciro (spam/junk)​​​​​​​

Umubare munini wa email zoherezwa buri munsi ziba ari email zitifuzwa. Inyinshi muri zo, aho gukorerwa kuriganya, zoherezwa kugira ngo zerekeze abantu ku mbuga zicururizwaho cyangwa zongere umubare w’abakandaho ku mbuga ziri mu irushanwa. Ingero zirimo:

• Kwamamaza, urugero farumasi zicururiza kuri internet, imbuga z’urukozasoni, izo kurambagirizaho, urusimbi rukinirwa kuri internet.
• Uburyo bwo kubwira abantu gukira vuba cyangwa gukorera mu rugo.
• Iziburira abantu virusi z’ibinyoma.
• Izitangirwaho ubufasha z’ibinyoma.
• Uruhererekane rwa email rugushishikariza korwoherereza abantu benshi (rimwe na rimwe zikubwira ko “nubikora uri buhirwe”).

Abohereza email zitifuzwa babona intonde za email zo koherezaho bakoresheje:

• Porogaramu ya mudasobwa yikoresha.
• Bagutegeka gushyira amakuru yabo ku mbuga z’abatekamutwe.
• Binjira mu buryo butemewe ku mbuga zemewe kugira ngo bakureyo amakuru y’abakoresha izo mbuga.
• Bazigura ku bantu cyangwa ibigo bizicuruza mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko.
• Bagushishikariza gukanda ku mbuga z’abatekamutwe biyitirira serivisi zo gukumira email zitifuzwa.
• Igihe woherereza email abantu benshi wabashyize muri Bimenyeshejwe ukoresheje akazu ka Cc aho kuba BCC, cyangwa ukohereza ubwo butumwa wakiriye utasibye uwabukohereje muri urwo rutonde.  

Igihe usubije email itifuzwa byereka uwayikoherereje  ko email yawe ibaho.  

Gukoresha email zo ku mbuga mu mutekano​​​​​​​

• Koresha serivisi za webmail zo mu bigo bizwi kandi byizewe.  
• Cana ikoranabuhanga riyungurura email  zitifuzwa cyangwa ujye ku mbuga zaguhesha ako kayunguruzo.
• Koresha ijambo ry’ibanga rikomeye kugira ngo winjire.
• Ujye uhora ufunga email yawe igihe cyose usoje kohereza email, aho gufunga idirishya ry’urubuga wakoreshaga gusa cyangwa kuzimya igikoresho wakoreshaga.
• Ujye winjira muri email yawe igihe usanze ifite umurongo ufite umutekano wizewe gusa (bigaragazwa n’akagufuri kaba kari hasi ku ruhande rw’iburyo bw’idirishya rya porogaramu ya mudasobwa uri gukoresha ndetse n’inyuguti ‘https://’ zitangira aderesi y’urubuga).
• Igihe umurongo udafite umutekano wizewe, witonde ntiwohereze email yashobora kwerekana cyangwa gutanga uburyo rwo gutwara amakuru yawe y’ibanga.
• Ugirire amakenga imigereka muri email zaturutse ku bantu cyangwa ibigo utizeye. Hari igihe porogaramu za email zihita zigenzurira imigereka zireba niba nta virusi ifite.
• Ujye ukora ku buryo uba ufite mu gikoresho ukoresha porogaramu itanga umutekano wa internet ikwiriye ndetse na porogaramu ya firewall, ziri ku gikoresho ukoresha kandi zikora neza.

Kurinda  email zishaje. ​​​​​​​

Ibi nta kibazo cy’umutekano biteza, gusa wibuke ko porogaramu zimwe za email yo ku rubuga zishobora gusiba email igihe warengeje umubare ntarengwa w’izemewe mu bubiko.  Niba ukomeye ku kubika email, watekereza ku buryo wakwishyura abatanga serivisi zo kubika email  cyangwa ugakoresha urubuga rutagutegeka izo ugarukiraho. Email zo ku rubuga zimwe zishobora no guhagarika konti yawe igihe umaze igihe kinini utayikoresha.