Ibigo hafi ya byose ubu bisigaye bifite ukuntu byizera serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga rya cloud, byaba mu kubika amakuru, gucumbikira porogaramu za mudasobwa cyangwa kugeza serivisi ku baguzi.
Ingero rusange zijyanye no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya cloud zirimo:
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Porogaramu-nka-serivisi (SaaS) mu magambo ahinnye y’Icyongereza ni ikoranabuhanga rya cloud aho porogaramu ya mudasobwa ubundi wagashyize kuri mudasobwa z’akazi iboneka hakoreshejwe internet. Zizwi kandi ku izina rya ‘hosted software’ tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda ni ‘porogaramu zicumbikiwe’ cyangwa ‘porogaramu z’ibikoresho bigendanwa bicumbikiwe’.
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Ibikorwaremezo-nka-serivise IaaS mu magambo ahinnye, ni ikoranabuhanga rya cloud aho ukodesha umwanya mu bubiko bw’amakuru noneho ugakoresha seriveri zabwo aho kugira ngo ugure porogaramu ya mudasobwa nshya wakoresha mu bucuruzi bwawe. Urugero rusange rwa IaaS ni ugucumbikira imbuga (hosting).
- Ubwoko bwose bwo kubika amakuru kuri internet cyangwa gukoresha kopi ngoboka (backup) bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya cloud kugira ngo bikorwe.
Usibye ko ryoroshya imicungire rimwe na rimwe rikaba ritanahenze cyane, ikoranabuhanga rya cloud rinafasha mu koroshya imikorere nko gukorera mu rugo cyangwa gukoresha iya kure mu kazi.
Ibyago bishoboka
Mu kazi ako ari ko kose cyangwa porogaramu y’ibikoresho bigendanwa uri gukoresha ku ikoranabuhanga rya cloud, ni ingenzi cyane ko urinda amakuru yawe bwite n’ay’abaguzi abitseyo. Ikigo cy’ubusesenguzi cya Gartner cyabonye ibyago birindwi bishoboka ku ikoranabuhanga rya cloud:
- Kwinjira kw’ababifitiye uburenganzira bwisumbuye
Kubitsa amakuru ukomeyeho undi muntu biba n’ubundi bifite ikibazo kuko uba ubwawe uri kurenga ku mabwiriza y’ibikorwa remezo by’ikoranabuhanga by’ikigo cyawe n’itsinda ritanga ubufasha.
- Kubahiriza amategeko
Abaguzi baba bafite inshingano zo kurinda amakuru yabo bwite no gukora ku buryo agumana umwimerere wayo.
- Aho amakuru ari
Ntuzi ku buryo bufatika aho amakuru abitse; ashobora kuba ari ahantu aho ari ho hose ku isi.
- Gutandukanya amakuru
Amakuru yawe abitse hamwe n’amakuru y’abandi bantu kandi habayeho akabazo gato kuri encryption bishobora gutuma amakuru yawe atagira icyo akumarira.
- Kugaruza ibyatakaye
Ni iki kiba mu gihe cy’ikiza? Ese amakuru ari kwikuba kabiri?
- Ubufasha mu bugenzacyaha
Ibikorwa bidahwitse cyangwa binyuranyije n’amategeko bishobora kugorana cyangwa kudashobora gukorerwa ubugenzacyaha.
- Imishobokere y’igihe kirekire
Ese bigenda bite niba uguha iyo serivisi aguzwe cyangwa ahombye?
Ushobora guhitamo gucumbikira porogaramu z’ibikoresho bigendanwa n’ibikorwa remezo mu buryo butandukanye mu ikoranabuhanga rya cloud, cyangwa ugahitamo umuntu utanga serivisi y’ikoranabuhanga rya cloud yuzuye.
Guhitamo utanga serivise y’ikoranabuhanga rya cloud
Kora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku isoko rya serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga rya cloud kandi ukoreshe abafite inararibonye gusa, ibigo bifite ubushobozi buhagije bimaze kubaka izina kandi bibaye byiza, waza hari uwakurangiye. Bagomba kuba biteguye kugufasha uko ibyo ukenera bigenda bihinduka kandi ikigo cyawe kigenda cyaguka, bagomba kumva imiterere y’ikigo cyawe n’ibyo abakiriya bifuza kandi bakaba bakuvugisha mu rurimi wumva. Abatanga serivisi bagomba kuba bafite icyemezo cy’ubuziranenge ISO 27001, kizatuma amakuru yawe acumbikirwa ahantu hujuje amabwiriza mpuzamahanga y’ibanze asabwa ajyanye no gucunga umutekano w’amakuru mu ibanga, umwimerere no kubonekera igihe kwayo.
Kwirinda igihe uri kuri cloud
Usibye gukoresha ubwenge ugahitamo neza ikigo cyaguha serivisi y’ikoranabuhanga rya cloud, ushobora gukurikiza ingamba zikurikira zijyanye no kurinda umutekano w’amakuru, umwimere no kubonekera igihe kwayo:
- Kora ku buryo ababasha gukoresha seriveri ziri kuri cloud ari abazikeneye gusa. Ugumisheho uburyo bw’ubugenzuzi buhamye bwo kumenya uwabonya ayahe makuru kandi ryari, kandi ugire ahantu handikwa abantu bafite urufunguzo rwa encryption (igihe rukoreshejwe). Hindura imfunguzo za encryption igihe abakozi bavuye muri icyo kigo.
- Ukore ku buryo amakuru yose y’abaguzi abitse mu ikoranabuhanga rya cloud yaba arimo encryption cyangwa afunze mu buryo atagira icyo amarira uwayabona atabyemerewe. Ibigo byinshi binibi n’ibito byajyanywe mu nkiko kubera kunanirwa kurinda amakuru igihe serivisi zabyo zabaga zagabwageho ibitero kuri internet.
- Tandukanya aho abakora porogaramu bashobora guhindura ikintu ntikigire icyo cyangiza n’amakuru ari gukoreshwa kugira ngo ntihakagire uwinjira mu makuru ari gukoreshwa aciye mu makuru ari gukorwaho impinduka.
Amasezerano yo gucumbikirwa ku ikoranabuhanga rya cloud
Ugomba kuba ufite amasezerano ajyanye no gucumbikirwa ku ikoranabuhanga rya cloud agaragaza neza:
- Ni iki mu by’ukuri ikigo kiguha serivisi kizagukorera (ni iki gitegereje ko wikorera ubwawe).
- Gahunda y’umushinga w’ibikorwa ibyo ari byo byose bizakorwa (nk’igihe bitwara kugira ngo hashyirwemo seriveri).
- Amasezerano ku rwego serivisi izatangwamo, bizihuta ku rwego rungana iki kandi ku ruhe rwego kizasubiza kandi kigakemura ikibazo.
- Uburyo busobanutse bw’ibiciro.
- Ibihano mu gihe habayeho gusiba/ kutishyura ateganyijwe cyangwa habayeho ikibazo mu makuru.