Gukoresha Banki

Gukorana na banki wifashishije internet ni byiza ku bucuruzi ariko ugomba kurinda ijambo-banga ryawe n’andi makuru agufasha kwinjira muri sisiteme mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko hari ibisambo byakwinjira muri konti zawe. Kubera ingano y’amafaranga ndetse n’ihererekanywa rihoraho ryayo, gukorana na banki hifashishijwe internet ni uburyo buba buhanzwe amaso n’ibisambo.

Ibyago bishoboka

• Wowe cyangwa bagenzi bawe mushobora kuyobywa na email z’abajura, cyangwa guhamagarwa kuri telefoni usabwa gutanga amakuru ajyanye n’ijambo-banga  n’andi makuru ku mbuga z’impimbano zisa n’imbuga za banki, cyangwa abantu ba baringa bahamagara bagamije ubujura.
• Kuriganywa cyangwa kwibwa umwirondoro bikozwe na virusi cyangwa irindi koranabuhanga ryifashishwa mu kwiba amakuru y’abantu, bigaha ibisambo ubushobozi bwo kwinjira kuri konti yawe ya banki ndetse n’ubwo kubona andi makuru yawe bwite abitse muri mudasobwa yawe.

Gukorana na banki mu mutekano​​​​​​​

• Nta na rimwe ukwiriye gutanga ijambo-banga cyangwa andi makuru y’ibanga yawe mu gihe ubisabwe  muri email, kuri telefoni  cyangwa mu ibaruwa bivugwa ko  biturutse muri banki cyangwa ikindi kigo k’imari, n’ubwo byaba bisa n’ukuri kose. Nta na rimwe banki izakoherereza email cyangwa ngo iguhamagare igusaba amakuru nk’ayo. Itumanaho ryose rikozwe na banki rikoresha amazina yawe bwite (ntabwo ari ‘Bwana’ cyangwa ‘Madamu’) ndetse n’ubundi buryo bw’igenzura nka aderesi yawe y’iposita cyangwa igice cya konti yawe. Niba utizeye ko email wakiriye ari nyayo, vugana na banki yawe ukoresheje ubundi buryo.
• Buri gihe jya ugenzura ko urimo gukoresha umurongo wa internet utekanye mu gihe ushaka gukorana na banki yawe. Reba ko aderesi itangizwa na ‘https’ unarebe ko hariho akamenyetso k’ingufuri kuri porogaramu urimo gukoresha. Gusa wibuke ko, ibi bigaragaza ko umurongo uguhuza  na nyiri urubuga utekanye,  ntibivuga ko  urubuga ubwarwo rwemewe. Urasabwa gukora ibi ugenzura neza niba aderesi y’urubuga, andi magambo ndetse n’inyuguti byanditse neza ndetse niba hari ibindi ubona bidasobanutse.
• Buri gihe jya usura urubuga rwa banki ubanje kwandika  aderesi yarwo muri browser  yawe cyangwa unyuze mu rutonde rwa aderesi wabitse mbere (bookmark)  ukoresheje aderesi nyayo. Niba ukeka hari amakuru yawe yaba ari mu byago mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi, ihutire kuvugana  na banki buri gihe.
• Genzura neza ko mudasobwa yawe ifite antivirusi, porogaramu irwanya spyware ndetse na firewall  byose bivuguruye (updated) kandi bikora mbere y’uko winjira muri konti yawe ya banki.
• Koresha ijambo-banga na PIN bitandukanye kuri buri rubuga.
• Koresha ijambo-banga na PIN bifite imbaraga. Nta wundi muntu ugomba kumenya ijambo-banga na PIN keretse umuntu byagenewe. Ntibyagakwiye kwandikwa ahantu cyangwa ngo bibikwe muri mudasobwa cyangwa kuri telefoni.
• Tekereza uko washyiraho uburyo buri gikorwa kigomba gukorwa kuri konti yawe cyajya kibanza kwemeza n’abantu babiri (dual authority), cyane cyane igihe hagomba gusohoka arenze umubare ntarengwa wagennye, kuko hashobora kubamo uburiganya.
• Umvikana na banki yawe ku buryo busobanutse uwirengera ibyabuze mu gihe habayeho ubujura. Soma amategeko n’amabwiriza yabo kandi mu gihe ubonye hari ibyo udasobanukiwe, baza umuyobozi ubishinzwe muri banki.
• Niba uhamagawe na telefoni ivuga ko ari iyo muri banki ukorana nayo cyangwa ikindi kigo k’imari ugasabwa kuza kubahamagara, buri gihe jya ubahamagara ukoresheje indi nimero cyangwa se utegereze iminota itanu mbere yo  kubikora. Abajura  bashobora kugumishaho umurongo wa telefoni ndetse no guhindaguranya  nimero ya telefoni bakoresha mu buryo butuma ugira ngo mwari mwavuganye.
• Niba ubonye hari igikorwa kidasanzwe cyakozwe kuri konti yawe, hita ubimenyesha banki ako kanya.
• Hagarika gukoresha uburyo bw’impapuro kandi wiyandikishe ku buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga butuma ubona ubutumwa kuri telefoni yawe bukumenyesha ikintu cyose gikozwe kuri konti yawe.  Amakuru atanzwe ku mpapuro biroroha kuyiba no kuyasoma.

• Vugurura ubudahangarwa (updates) bwa Windows updates.
• Wowe na bagenzi bawe ntimukwiriye na rimwe gukoresha banki mwifashishije internet yo muri mudasobwa za rusange (urugero, muri internet café )
• Witondere abashobora kukurungurukira muri screen ngo barebe ibyo urimo.
• Wikwibwira ko keyboard zikoresherezwa muri screen ari zo zifite umutekano kurenza izisanzwe zifite amabuto afatika, (mu kugira ubudahangarwa burinda  porogaramu zigenzura ibyo umuntu yandika zihereye ku mabuto akanda) . Nazo zishobora kwinjirirwa kimwe n’izindi.

Uburyo bwo kwemeza amakuru hifashishijwe ibimenyetso bibiri (Two factor authentification)​​​​​​​

Banki nyinshi zikoresha ubu buryo mu rwego rwo kubona ikimenyetso  gifatika cy’uwo  uri we kurenza gusa gukoresha ijambo-banga. Ubu buryo bwibanda kukubaza  ‘ikintu uzi’ (cyane cyane izina ukoresha n’ijambo-banga ) ndetse n’”ikintu ufite”gishobora kuba ikarita yawe ya banki n’akuma kayisoma, cyangwa se ikindi gikoresho kiri ukwacyo  nk’icyo bita HSBC’s SecureKey. Kodi itangwa ni wowe wenyine iba igenewe, kandi ugahabwa itandukanye buri gihe uko winjiye.

Irindi koranabuhanga rifite umutekano rikoreshwa na banki​​​​​​​

Amabanki amwe n’amwe atanga irindi koranabuhanga rifite umutekano ryagenewe kukurinda igihe urimo gukorana na banki ukoresheje internet. Ritangwa mu buryo bwo kurishyira kiri mudasobwa yawe cyangwa telefone (download) urikuye kuri aya mabanki kandi rikarinda ibikorwa byose ukorera kuri konti yawe rikaza ryiyongera kuri porogaramu ishinzwe umutekano wa internet usanzwe ukoresha.

Andi makuru​​​​​​​

Banki zose ziba zifite amakuru amakuru ajyanye n’umutekano wo mu gihe ukoresha  internet  ku mbuga zayo, harimo n’amakuru ajyanye n’uburiganya buzwi.

Niba warigeze wibwa cyangwa hari ababigerageje, menyesha inzego za polisi na banki ako kanya.