Ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho ndetse n’umutekano kuri internet ni ingenzi cyane kuri buri kigo. Bitabayeho, ubucuruzi bwahomba, kugongana n’amategeko, kugabanuka kw’inyungu, kwangirika kw’isura yabwo cyangwa se ubucuruzi bugahagarara. Ku bw’ibyo, ukeneye uburyo busobanutse butanga umutekano kandi intambwe ya mbere ni ukugena no gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo buhamye bwo kurinda umutekano w’ikigo cyawe.
Kwandika no gutegura ingamba z’umutekano w’ikigo nibikwiriye gufatwa nk’ibintu bigoye. Imyiteguro iringaniye ya none iruta iy’ejo hazaza y’agatangaza, kandi erega ushobora kuyivugurura nyuma yaho.
Uko wakwitegura
Hari intambwe eshanu mu gutegura umutekano w’ikigo cyawe:
- Ingenzura
Tekereza ku bumenyi bwawe. Menya niba ukeneye ubundi bufasha. Garagaza imitungo n’amakuru bikeneye kurindwa, harimo ibikoresho, porogaramu, inyandiko n’amakuru. Suzuma neza imbogamizi n’ibyago bishoboka. Kora urutonde rw’ibyihutirwa bikeneye kurindwa.
- Gutegura
Andika inzira zo kunyuramo mu gihe hakorwa igikorwa cyo gukumira, kuvumbura no gukemura imbogamizi ku mutekano. Tegura ingamba zihamye zijyanye no kubahiriza amabwiriza, harimo n’amabwiriza agenewe abakozi. Garagaza abashinzwe gushyira mu bikorwa no gukurikirana izo ngamba. Mwemeranye ku ngengabihe y’ishyirwa mu bikorwa.
- Shyira mu bikorwa
Ganira n’abakozi. Tanga amahugurwa niba bibaye ngombwa. Shyira mu bikorwa izo ngamba.
- Genzura
Shakisha izindi mbogamizi niba wamenye ko zihari. Iyandikishe ku binyamakuru bivuga ku mutekano kugira ngo ujye umenya andi makuru. Hindura unajyanishe n’igihe ingamba z’umutekano mu gihe habaye impinduka ku bantu, ku bikoresho cyangwa ku ikoranabuhanga. Kora ibikorwa byo gusana nko gukora backup cyangwa kuvugurura porogaramu zirwanya amavirusi.
- Subiramo
Tegura igenzura ryuzuye ndetse n’ivugurura nibura hagati y’amezi atandatu n’umwaka nyuma yo kurangiza gahunda ya mbere cyangwa mu gihe imikorere y’ikigo cyawe yagize impinduka zikomeye.
Ibyo kwitabwaho
- Gahunda y’ingamba z’umutekano ifatika igizwe n’ibi bikurikira. Ku bigo bito, hari ingamba zidakenewe cyane:
- Guha ubuyobozi urundi rwego cyangwa abantu ndetse no kwiyemeza
- Abandi bantu (abakiriya, abacuruzi, abafatanyabikorwa)
- Gushyiraho amabwiriza agenga umutekano w’amakuru
- Kugenzura ibyago byaba ku makuru
- Inshingano ku mutungo w’amakuru
- Gushyira amakuru mu byiciro (ay’imbere mu kigo, ashyirwa ku karubanda, agirwa ibanga)
- Gucukumbura amakuru ku bakozi bashya mbere yo kubaha akazi
- Amasezerano yo kubika ibanga
- Ubukangurambaga n’amahugurwa
- Tegura umutekano w’ahantu n’uburyo bwo kugenzura abinjira mu makuru
- Umutekano w’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga n’itumanaho
- Imikorere n’inshingano
- Sisiteme nshya z’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n’uburyo bwo kuzijyanisha n’igihe
- Kwinda porogaramu zangiza
- Gukora backup
- Ibikoresho bwite by’abakozi
- Gusangira amakuru n’abandi (harimo n’abatabarizwa mu kigo)
- Ubucuruzi ku ikoranabuhanga no kuri telefoni
- Gukurikirana abakozi
- Kugenzura abakoresha sisiteme
- Inshingano z’ukoresha sisiteme (harimo n’ amasezerano y’akazi)
- Gukorera ahandi hatari mu kigo
- Gukurikirana umutekano wa network
- Kurinda amakuru ari kuri network (network encryption)
- Imikoreshereze myiza ya porogaramu mu kurinda guhungabana kw’amakuru
- Umutekano mu mikorere n’ubufasha
- Gukurikirana no gucunga ibyakwangirika
- Kugaragaza ahari ibyago n’intege nke
- Kugenzura ibibazo no kubimenyesha abo bireba
- Umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho nka kimwe mu bifasha gucunga imikorere y’ikigo
- Kubahiriza ibisabwa n’amategeko (harimo n’Itegeko rigena uburyo bwo kurinda amakuru)
- Kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kwishyura hifashishijwe amakarita.
- Kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga urwego (nka serivisi z’ubukungu, ubuzima)