Iyo sisitemu ikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa nshya isohotse, nka Microsoft Windows, Apple OS X / iOS cyangwa Android, akenshi zikunze kuza ziherekejwe n’uburyo buvuguruye bw’imikoreshereze, inyongera ndetse n’uburyo burushaho korohereza abazikoresha. Icyakora, abatekamutwe bakoresha ikoranabuhanga bahita bihutira gushaka ahari intege nke muri iyo sisitemu ikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa kandi bagakomeza kubigenza batyo igihe iyo sisiteme izaba iri hanze cyose. Mu kurwanya ibi, ibigo bikora izo porogaramu bisohora uburyo buvuguruye mu bihe bitandukanye nk’uburyo buvuguruye bw’umutekano cyangwa uburyo buvuguruye bw’ahantu hakenewe kwitabwaho bikurinda porogaramu zangiza n’ibintu bishyira umutekano mu kaga.
Ubundi buryo buvuguruye bukosora amakosa cyangwa bukongera uburyo sisiteme y’imikorere ikoreramo, kandi si ngombwa ko ubu buba bujyanye n’umutekano. Banareba n’izindi porogaramu ukoresha ku bikoresho byawe wakuye ku bazikoze noneho nazo bakazivugurura.
Ibyago bishoboka
Kutavugurura sisiteme ikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa yawe bishobora kuguteza ibibazo bikomeye, byagira ingaruka ku gikoresho cyane ndetse n’umutekano wawe bwite. Ibi bikubiyemo:
- Virusi, porogaramu z’intasi (spyware) n’izindi porogaramu zangiza (malware).
- Ibitero by’ibyaha bikoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.
- Kwanga gukora, kugagara ndetse no gukora nabi muri rusange.
Kuvugurura sisiteme ikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa yawe
Mudasobwa za Windows
Ukore ku buryo ivugurura rigezweho rya Windows rivanwa kuri internet kandi rikishyira mu gikoresho cyawe ryonyine, ugomba kureba niba mudasobwa yawe ifite igenamiterere rikurikira:
- Windows 10 & 8
Nyura muri “start menu” mu nguni y’ibumoso hasi, ukande “control panel”. Hitamo 'Windows Update”, hanyuma ukande “Install optional updates”. Ku ruhande rw’ibumoso, kanda ahanditse 'change settings”. Ahari “Important updates”, hitamo uburyo ushaka. Ahari 'Recommended Updates), hitamo ”Give me recommended updates the same way I receive important updates” hanyuma ukande OK. Bashobora kukubaza ijambo-banga rya admin cyangwa kwemeza ibyo uhisemo. - Windows 7
Nyura muri “start menu” mu nguni y’ibumoso hasi, ukande “control panel” Hitamo “System and security”, uhite ukanda “Turn automatic on or off” (munsi y’ahanditse “Windows Update). Ukore ku buryo ahanditse “Install updates automatically” ari ho hatoranyijwe. - Windows Vista
Nyura muri “start menu” mu nguni y’ibumoso hasi, ukande “control panel” Hitamo “Security”, noneho ukande “Turn automatic updating on or off” munsi y’ahanditse “Windows Update Ukore ku buryo ahanditse “Install updates automatically” ari ho hatoranyijwe.
Iyo amavugurura ya windows yamaze kugera kuri mudasobwa, uzahita ubimenyeshwa. Ugomba kongera gucana mudasobwa yawe kugira ngo ayo mavugurura ajyemo (muri iki gihe uzajya ugenda ubona amavugurura ari kujyamo ugereranyije n’asigaye) cyangwa niba mudasobwa yawe ifunze, izajya ihita yizimya ubwo bizagusaba ko uyicana kugira ngo utangire gushyiramo ayo mavugurura. Ntukajye urogoya mudasobwa yawe igihe iri kujyamo amavugurura uyicomora cyangwa uyitangiza bundi bushya.
Mudasobwa zifite Sisitemu ya OS X
- Kora kopi y’ingoboka (backup) ya mudasobwa ya Mac yawe ukoresheje Time Machine cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo gukora kopi y’ingoboka.
- Niba mudasobwa yawe ari MacBook, ukore ku buryo iba icometse ku muriro.
- Kanda akamenyetso ka Apple kari hejuru ibumoso muri “main menu” noneho uhitemo “Software Update”, izakwereka amavugurura ahari. Uzakenera kwemera amasezerano agenerwa umuntu ukoresha Apple, kandi Get Safe Online ikugira inama y’uko wasoma amategeko n’amabwiriza byose ku bw’umutekano wawe bwite. Niba hari andi mavugurura ari gutangwa, yashyiremo uyongere ku mavugurura ya OS X wari ufite. Cyangwa se, ushobora guhitamo gushyira kuri mudasobwa yawe uburyo bwa Apple bwo kwishyiriramo ayo mavugurura.
- Hari akantu kazafunguka kakwereke amaze kujyamo. Ntukajye urogoya mudasobwa yawe iri kujyamo amavugurura uyicomora cyangwa uyitangiza bundi bushya.
- Uzasabwa kwinjiza izina n’ijambo ry’ibanga byawe (Apple ID) kugira ngo ugenzure ibishoboka kuri iCloud na Keychain.
Ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bigendanwa
Igihe amavugurura ya sisitemu ikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa y’igikoresho cyawe kigendanwa abonetse, azajya yivana kuri internet kandi ahite yishyiramo ako kanya igikoresho kikigera kuri internet.
Wibuke ko gufata kuri internet amavugurura ya sisitemu ikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa bidakuraho ko ukeneye gushyiramo porogaramu y’umutekano kuri internet na firewall.