Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru azwi cyane nka GDPR mu magambo ahinnye y’Icyongereza akoreshwa n’imiryango yose ku isi ikora ibijyanye no gusesengura amakuru bwite y’abaturage bo mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'Ibihugu by'I Burayi, ibi bituma aba amategeko ya mbere ku isi mu kurinda umutekano w’amakuru. Kuyatangiza byashingiye ku kuba ibigo by’ubucuruzi n’ibitanga serivisi byinshi bikora ku buryo bwambukiranya imipaka, bituma hakenerwa guhuza imbaraga mu bijyanye n’amategeko n’uburengazira ku mutekano w’amakuru hagati y’imiryango ndetse n’abantu ku giti cyabo. Uburyo ubukungu bw’ isi burushaho gushingira ku ikoranabuhanga bituma ibijyanye n’umutekano w’amakuru n’abo areba nabyo birushaho kugaragara ko ari ngombwa.
Niba umuryango wawe urebwa n’ibyavuzwe haruguru, amategeko agutegeka kubahiriza ibikubiye mu mategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru. Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru akomeye cyane ku nyandiko abakusanyamakuru bagomba guhora bafite kugira ngo berekane umucyo mu byo bakora. Kugira ngo uzubahirize ibisabwa byose, umuryango wawe ugomba kongera gusuzuma imiyoborere n’uburyo ucunga amakuru ku buryo biba kimwe mu biraje ishinga ubuyobozi. Kimwe muri byo ni ugusuzuma amasezerano n’ubundi buryo washyizeho bugena uburyo ukoresha iyo uri gusangiza indi miryango amakuru.
Iyi ncamake igaragaraza insanganyamatsiko z’ingenzi z’Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru bigufasha mu gusobanukirwa ibijyanye n’amategeko mu muryango w’ibihugu by’I Burayi. Yerekeye abafite ishingano zo kurinda amakuru mu kazi kabo ka buri munsi.
Ni nde urebwa n’Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru?
- Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru areba ‘abagenzura’ n’abasesenguzi. Ugenzura avuga uburyo n’impamvu amakuru y’umuntu bwite asesengurwa noneho usesengura akabikora mu izina ry’ugenzura. Niba uri umusesenguzi, hari ibyo amategeko agutegeka bikubiye mu mategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru; urugero, usabwe kubika amakuru ku bijyanye n’amakuru bwite y’umuntu n’uburyo asesengurwamo. Ibihano biba bikomeye kuri wowe iyo bigaragaye ko amategeko atubahirijwe. Izi nshingano zireba abasesengura amakuru ni amabwiriza mashya yashyizwe mu mategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru. Icyakora, iyo uri umugenzuzi ntabwo inshingano zawe zigukurirwaho iyo harimo usesengura amakuru, Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru agushyiriraho izindi nshingano kugira ngo amasezerano yawe n’usesengura amakuru yubahirize ibikubiye mu mategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru.
- Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru areba imiryango isesengura amakuru ikorera mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’I Burayi. Inareba kandi imiryango iri hanze y’Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'Ibihugu by'I Burayi iha ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi abantu bari mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’ibihugu bw’I Burayi.
- Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru ntareba bimwe mu bikorwa birimo isesengurwa rikorwa mu rwego rw’amabwiriza agenga abashinzwe umutekano, iryo ku mpamvu z’umutekano w’igihugu, cyangwa irikorwa mu bikorwa bijyanye n’ubuzima bw’umuntu bwite/ubw’umuryango.
Ni nde urebwa n’Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru?
Amakuru bwite y’umuntu
Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru areba ‘amakuru bwite y’umuntu’. Icyakora, igisobanuro cy’Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru kirarambuye kandi kigaragaza neza ko amakuru nk’izina ukoresha kuri internet, urugero aderesi IP, ashobora kuba amakuru y’umuntu bwite. Ubusobanuro burambuye bugaragaza neza ibintu bikubiye mu mazina bwite bivamo amakuru bwite, bizana impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga n’uburyo imiryango ikusanya amakuru yerekeye abantu.
Ku miryango myinshi, kubika amakuru y’abakozi, urutonde rw’abakiriya, cyangwa amakuru ku buryo wabonamo umuntu, n’ibindi, impinduka ku busobanuro ryakagombye kutagira ikintu kinini zihindura. Wakumva ko amakuru ari mu byo Itegeko rigena Umutekano w’Amakuru rireba, azaba n’ubundi ari mu byo Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru areba.
Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru areba amakuru bwite y’umuntu umuntu yabona hifashishijwe uburyo bwa mudasobwa cyangwa ubusanzwe bukoreshwa mu kubona amakuru hagendewe ku bisabwa.
Amakuru y’umuntu bwite yashyizweho utuzina tw’utwitirano, urugero urufunguzo rwa kode, ashobora kuba ari mu byo Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru arebaho bitewe n’uburyo bigoye guhuza akazina k’akitirano n’umuntu runaka.
Amakuru bwite y’ibanga y’umuntu
Amategeko rusange agenga umutekano w’amakuru afata amakuru y’umuntu bwite y’ibanga nk’ari mu “byiciro bidasanzwe by’amakuru bwite y’umuntu” (Reba ingingo ya 9).
Urugero, ibyiciro bidasanzwe bikubiyemo by’umwiharimo amakuru ngirabuzima-fatizo (genetic) ndetse n’atangwa n’igikumwe asesengurwa mu gihe bashaka kumenya umuntu umwe rukumbi.
Amakuru bwite y’umuntu arebana n’ibyaha n’amakosa umuntu yakoze ntabarizwamo, ariko umutekano wisumbuye mu gihe cyo kuyasesengura urubahirizwa (reba Ingingo ya 10).